Development of a computer model of plant growth Amaranthus L. based on the study of the genetic potential of the culture and the creation of an optimized technology of its cultivation in various climatic zones

The purpose of the study is to solve the problem of increasing (more than 2 times) the seed productivity of amaranth, associated with the simultaneous ripening of seeds in a panicle. The study created sets of genetic, biochemical, cytological and molecular markers for a comparative study of the genetic diversity of representatives of Amaranthus species; A computer model of the growth of amaranth culture has been compiled and molecular factors linked with productivity and high antioxidant content are identified to produce functional foods. Selection of genetic sources for the creation of highly productive varieties with a high content of antioxidants and the creation of products for functional nutrition from leaf mass and seeds will make a significant contribution to the doctrine of a healthy diet.

Development and implementation of a target wheat breeding methodology based on extranuclear genetic systems using molecular and protein markers

The creation and screening of resistant genotypes of allo cytoplasmic wheat with potentially good technological properties of grain, which is determined by the use of protein markers and molecular analysis for the allelic state of high molecular weight glutenins of the Glu-D locus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Creation of plants-indicators of chemical and microbiological environmental pollution

As part of the study, the identification of zones of contamination with heavy metals, pesticides, production wastes is carried out in the work of the national system for monitoring the environmental situation in the Russian Federation. Contamination of soils and inland waters, as well as microbiological pollution of wastewater, can be detected using genetically modified plants carrying detection and marker genes. Such plants can be reproduced vegetatively and distributed over a large area. Documentation of the pollution level is carried out by changing the colour of plants in visible light without the use of additional technical means. Indicator plants can be sterile, which eliminates the risk of their spontaneous spread, and ensures their death after the completion of the task.

Development of a comprehensive method for diagnosing phytopathogenic bacteria based on classical PCR and real-time PCR

Due to the lack of technical means and trained personnel, bacterial and viral pathogens fall out of the field of view of the National Phytosanitary Monitoring System in the Russian Federation (a similar phytopathogen detection system in the United States has been operating since the beginning of 2000 and is responsible for preventing bioterrorism in agriculture). The spread of dangerous species of phytopathogenic bacteria and viruses in the Russian Federation sets the task of their early detection. As a result of research, it is planned to create, based on information about the complete genomes of bacteria, viruses and the results of the assessment of the collected collection of phytopathogens, a comprehensive, step-by-step system for diagnosing phytopathogenic microorganisms based on PCR analysis, which would cover not only the known, but also new arising forms of previously known phytopathogens, and would be used in the work of the national pathogen monitoring system.

Development of bactericidal drugs of a new generation based on mixtures of ionic polymers and biologically active components

The spread of dangerous phytopathogenic bacteria in the Russian Federation sets the goal of eradicating disease foci or protecting plants from pathogens, but currently, there are no highly effective chemical bactericides in the list of approved drugs. Preliminary studies have shown that the combination of ionic polymers with known active ingredients repeatedly enhances their bactericidal activity and prolongs effectiveness under field conditions. As a result of the research, a number of such combined preparations will be created and put into production, the active substances of which are produced in the Russian Federation.